Is IOF5 polar or nonpolar? – Polarity of IOF5
The question is –
Is IOF5 polar or nonpolar?
Answer:
⇒ IOF5 is polar.
Explanation:
Iodine oxide pentafluoride (IOF5) is polar as the unequal dipole moments of polar I=O and I-F bonds do not get canceled equally in the asymmetrical octahedral shape of the molecule.
IOF5 consists of one I=O bond and five I-F bonds.
Each I=O bond is polar as it consists of an electronegativity difference of 0.78 units between the double covalently bonded iodine (E.N = 2.66) and oxygen (E.N = 3.44) atoms.
In contrast, the electronegative difference in each I-F bond is even higher i.e., 1.32 units between the single covalently bonded iodine and fluorine (E.N = 3.98) atoms.
Fluorine being the most electronegative element of the Periodic Table, strongly attracts the shared electron cloud from each I-F bond towards itself.
In IOF5, the central I-atom gains a partial positive (δ+) charge, while the more electronegative O and F-atoms gain strong partial negative (δ–) charges.
There is no lone pair of electrons present on the central halogen (iodine) atom; thus, the molecule possesses an octahedral shape and molecular geometry identical to its ideal electron pair geometry.
The sideways directing, I-F dipole moments get canceled equally in this octahedral shape, but the higher downwards-pointing I-F dipole moment does not get canceled with the oppositely directed, smaller I=O dipole moment.
The charged electron cloud stays non-uniformly distributed. Thus, IOF5 is overall polar (net µ > 0).
Also, check –
⇒ How to identify polar or nonpolar compounds?
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Vishal Goyal is the founder of Topblogtenz, a comprehensive resource for students seeking guidance and support in their chemistry studies. He holds a degree in B.Tech (Chemical Engineering) and has four years of experience as a chemistry tutor. The team at Topblogtenz includes experts like experienced researchers, professors, and educators, with the goal of making complex subjects like chemistry accessible and understandable for all. A passion for sharing knowledge and a love for chemistry and science drives the team behind the website. Let's connect through LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/vishal-goyal-2926a122b/