Is GeH4 polar or nonpolar? – Polarity of GeH4
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The question is –
Is GeH4 polar or nonpolar?
Answer:
⇒ GeH4 is a non-polar molecule.
Explanation:
Germanium (IV) hydride (GeH4) is non-polar as the dipole moments of slightly polar Ge-H bonds get canceled equally in opposite directions in the symmetrical tetrahedral molecular shape.
GeH4 consists of four Ge-H single covalent bonds.
Each Ge-H bond is only slightly polar as it consists of a small electronegativity difference of 0.19 units between a germanium (E.N = 2.01) and a hydrogen (E.N = 2.20) atom.
The central Ge-atom gains a partial positive charge (δ+) while each of the terminal H-atoms gains partial negative charges (δ–).
All four valence electrons of germanium get consumed in covalent bonding; thus, there is no lone pair of electrons present on the central Ge-atom in GeH4.
Consequently, there is no distortion witnessed in the overall molecular shape.
The GeH4 molecule thus occupies a symmetrical tetrahedral shape, identical to its ideal electron pair geometry.
The Ge-H dipole moments get equally canceled equally in opposite directions in the symmetrical shape to yield an overall non-polar molecule (net µ = 0).
Also, check –
⇒ How to identify polar or nonpolar compounds?
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